Ibogaine Research Database

Differential neuronal localizations and dynamics of phosphorylated and unphosphorylated type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors.

Type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors are phosphorylated by cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase A at serines 1589 and 1755, with serine 1755 phosphorylation greatly predominating in the brain. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor protein kinase A phosphorylation augments...

Sigma receptors and iboga alkaloids.

"Returning to the path": the use of iboga[ine] in an equatorial African ritual context and the binding of time, space, and social relationships.

From the roots up: ibogaine and addict self-help.

Ibogaine: proceedings of the First International Conference.

Anxiogenic action of ibogaine.

A contemporary history of ibogaine in the United States and Europe.

Case studies of ibogaine treatment: implications for patient management strategies.

In vivo neurobiological effects of ibogaine and its O-desmethyl metabolite, 12-hydroxyibogamine (noribogaine), in rats.

Ibogaine is a naturally occurring compound with purported antiaddictive properties. When administered to primates, ibogaine is rapidly o-demethylated to form the metabolite 12-hydroxyibogamine (noribogaine). Peak blood levels of noribogaine exceed those of ibogaine, and noribogai...

Changes in gene expression and signal transduction following ibogaine treatment.

Mechanisms of action of ibogaine: relevance to putative therapeutic effects and development of a safer iboga alkaloid congener.

Modulation of the effects of rewarding drugs by ibogaine.

Characterization of multiple sites of action of ibogaine.

Ibogaine alters synaptosomal and glial glutamate release and uptake.

Ibogaine has aroused expectations as a potentially innovative medication for drug addiction. It has been proposed that antagonism of the NMDA receptor by ibogaine may be one of the mechanisms underlying its antiaddictive properties; glutamate has also been implicated in ibogaine-...

Comparative neuropharmacology of ibogaine and its O-desmethyl metabolite, noribogaine.

Ibogaine as a glutamate antagonist: relevance to its putative antiaddictive properties.

Ibogaine neurotoxicity assessment: electrophysiological, neurochemical, and neurohistological methods.

Drug discrimination studies with ibogaine.

The results of the studies described here support the hypothesis that ibogaine produces its effects via selective interactions with multiple receptors. It appears that 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, and sigma 2 receptors are involved in mediating the stimulus effects of ibogaine. In addition, o...

Ibogaine: a review.

Iboga compounds reverse the behavioural disinhibiting and corticosterone effects of acute methamphetamine: Implications for their antiaddictive properties.

This study investigated the effects of pretreatment with the putative antiaddictive compound, ibogaine (IBO), and its synthetic derivative, 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC), on the changes in behaviour in an elevated plus maze and the changes in corticosterone (CORT) produced by a ...

Iboga interactions with psychomotor stimulants: panacea in the paradox?

Currently, no effective therapy has been approved for the treatment of addiction to stimulant drugs (e.g., cocaine, amphetamine and its methylated derivatives). However, preclinical studies indicate that the naturally-occurring indole alkaloid, ibogaine, and a synthetic iboga alk...

Ibogaine in the treatment of heroin withdrawal.

Fluoro-Jade: novel fluorochromes for detecting toxicant-induced neuronal degeneration.

Two anionic fluorescein derivatives can be used for the simple and definitive localization of neuronal degeneration in brain tissue sections. Initial work on the first generation fluorochrome, Fluoro-Jade, demonstrated the utility of this compound for the detection of neuronal de...

Modulation of cellular calcium by sigma-2 receptors: release from intracellular stores in human SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells.

Human SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells expressed sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptors with similar pharmacological profiles to those of rodent-derived tissues, although sigma-2 receptors exhibited some affinity differences that might suggest heterogeneity or species differences. Structurally...

18-Methoxycoronaridine differentially alters the sensitized behavioral and dopaminergic responses to repeated cocaine and morphine administration. Implications for sensitization in the media

Interactions between 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC) and cocaine: dissociation of behavioural and neurochemical sensitization.

The phenomenon of sensitization has been implicated in various aspects of drug addiction. As such, the present study determined the effects of a potential anti-addictive agent, 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC; 40 mg/kg, IP, 19 h earlier), on the expression of sensitization followin...

The potential anti-addictive agent, 18-methoxycoronaridine, blocks the sensitized locomotor and dopamine responses produced by repeated morphine treatment.

18-Methoxycoronaridine (18-MC), a novel synthetic iboga congener, attenuates the reinforcing efficacy of morphine, disrupts some signs of morphine withdrawal in physically dependent rats and attenuates the dopamine response in the nucleus accumbens to acute morphine. The present ...

Synthesis of enantiomerically pure (+)- and (-)-18-methoxycoronaridine hydrochloride and their preliminary assessment as anti-addictive agents.

Chemical resolution of racemic 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC) was achieved by the formation of its diastereomeric sulfonamides with either (R)-(-)- or (S)-(+)-camphorsulfonyl chloride. Preliminary assessment of (+)-, (-)-, and (+/-)-18-MC x HCl showed similar effects on morphine ...

Development of novel medications for drug addiction. The legacy of an African shrub.

Ibogaine, one of several alkaloids found in the root bark of the African shrub Tabernanthe iboga, has been claimed to be effective in treating multiple forms of drug abuse. Problems associated with side effects of ibogaine have spawned a search for more effective and safer struct...

Noribogaine (12-hydroxyibogamine): a biologically active metabolite of the antiaddictive drug ibogaine.

Ibogaine (IBO) is a plant-derived alkaloid that is being evaluated as a possible medication for substance use disorders. When administered peripherally to monkeys and humans, IBO is rapidly converted to an o-demethylated metabolite, 12-hydroxyibogamine (NORIBO). We have found in ...

A dose-response study of ibogaine-induced neuropathology in the rat cerebellum.

Ibogaine (IBO) is an indole alkaloid from the West African shrub, Tabernanthe iboga. It is structurally related to harmaline, and both these compounds are rigid analogs of melatonin. IBO has both psychoactive and stimulant properties. In single-blind trials with humans, it amelio...

Pharmacological comparison of the effect of ibogaine and 18-methoxycoronaridine on isolated smooth muscle from the rat and guinea-pig.

Ibogaine and 18-methoxycoronaridine are naturally occurring alkaloids reported to possess antiaddictive properties in several models of drug dependence. We have examined their effect at mu-opioid receptors regulating neurogenic contractions of several smooth muscle preparations a...

The development and expression of locomotor sensitization to nicotine in the presence of ibogaine.

Ibogaine is a naturally occurring psychoactive alkaloid with claimed efficacy in the treatment of certain drug addictions, including nicotine. It has been reported to be a non-competitive blocker of nicotinic receptors, with a potent inhibitory action on nicotinic acetylcholine r...

Pharmacokinetic characterization of the indole alkaloid ibogaine in rats.

To investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of ibogaine, a putatively anti-addictive alkaloid, levels of this drug were quantified in plasma and tissues for up to 3 h following i.v. infusion in rats. Immediately following a 31-35 min infusion (20 mg/kg), mean plasma ibogaine le...

Differential effects of ibogaine on behavioural and dopamine sensitization to cocaine.

To investigate a possible basis for the proposed anti-addictive property of ibogaine, the effects of ibogaine (40 mg/kg, i.p., 19 h earlier) on the expression of sensitization induced by cocaine were investigated. Ibogaine pretreatment potentiated the increase in the stereotypic ...

Comparative neurobiological effects of ibogaine and MK-801 in rats.

Ibogaine is a plant-derived alkaloid with putative 'anti-addictive' properties. Although ibogaine binds to multiple targets in the brain, recent evidence suggests the drug acts as an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist similar to MK-801. The purpose of the present study was to...

18-Methoxycoronaridine (18-MC) and ibogaine: comparison of antiaddictive efficacy, toxicity, and mechanisms of action.

18-MC, a novel iboga alkaloid congener, is being developed as a potential treatment for multiple forms of drug abuse. Like ibogaine (40 mg/kg), 18-MC (40 mg/kg) decreases the intravenous self-administration of morphine and cocaine and the oral self-administration of ethanol and n...

Long-lasting ibogaine protection against NMDA-induced convulsions in mice.

Ibogaine, a putative antiaddictive drug, is remarkable in its apparent ability to downgrade withdrawal symptoms and drug craving for extended periods of time after a single dose. Ibogaine acts as a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, while NMDA has been implicated in long l...

Ibogaine: complex pharmacokinetics, concerns for safety, and preliminary efficacy measures.

Ibogaine is an indole alkaloid found in the roots of Tabernanthe Iboga (Apocynaceae family), a rain forest shrub that is native to western Africa. Ibogaine is used by indigenous peoples in low doses to combat fatigue, hunger and thirst, and in higher doses as a sacrament in relig...

Interactions between iboga agents and methamphetamine sensitization: studies of locomotion and stereotypy in rats.

The phenomenon of sensitization has been theoretically implicated in mediating various aspects of drug addiction. Recent dose-response studies demonstrated that pretreatment with the putative antiaddictive agent, ibogaine (IBO), and a synthetic iboga alkaloid congener, 18-methoxy...

18-MC reduces methamphetamine and nicotine self-administration in rats.

In previous studies, 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC), a novel iboga alkaloid congener, has been found to decrease the intravenous self-administration of morphine and cocaine in rats. In the present study, 18-MC (1-40 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently decreased the i.v. self-administra...

Application of electrophysiological method to study interactions between ibogaine and cocaine.

The psychoactive indole alkaloid, ibogaine (IBO), has been investigated for over a decade concerning its reported anti-addictive properties for opioids as well as psychomotor stimulants. The mechanism for the anti-addictive action of IBO is still unclear. IBO interactions with op...

Responses of the extrapyramidal and limbic substance P systems to ibogaine and cocaine treatments.

Ibogaine is an indolamine found in the West Africa shrub, Tabernanthe iboga, and has been proposed for the treatment of addiction to central nervous system (CNS) stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine. The mechanism of ibogaine action and its suitability as a treatment for dr...

Ibogaine in acute opioid withdrawal. An open label case series.

Long-term stability of abused drugs and antiabuse chemotherapeutical agents stored at -20 degrees C.

Stability is an important consideration in the use of specimens for accurate determination of analyte concentrations. To determine the long-term stability for analytes routinely analyzed by mass spectrometry in this laboratory, quality-control (QC) results were plotted versus tim...

The acute effects of monoamine reuptake inhibitors on the stimulus effects of hallucinogens.

In a previous study it was observed that fluoxetine potentiates the stimulus effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). In the present investigation, stimulus control was established in groups of rats using as training drugs the hallucinogens lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD); 0...

For heroin addicts, a bizarre remedy. Lack of cure spurs interest in an exotic shrub.

Data accrue on "visionary" agent to interrupt addiction.

Behavioral effects and anticonvulsant efficacies of low-affinity, uncompetitive NMDA antagonists in mice.

It has been hypothesized that low-affinity, uncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists may have therapeutic efficacy (e.g., in epilepsy, stroke, drug dependence) without the adverse side effects associated with high-affinity ligands (e.g., dizocilpine, phencyclidine). ...

Attenuation of the reinforcing efficacy of morphine by 18-methoxycoronaridine.

In previous studies, 18-methoxycoronaridine, a novel iboga alkaloid congener, has been reported to decrease the self-administration of morphine, cocaine, ethanol and nicotine, and to attenuate naltrexone-precipitated signs of morphine withdrawal. In the present study, the nature ...