Ibogaine Research Database

692 research records indexed from PubMed. Plain-language summaries where available.

Of these, 52 are human clinical studies (trials, observational studies, or case reports), 398 are preclinical (animal or lab) studies, and 112 are reviews or meta-analyses summarizing other researchers’ data. A record appearing here does not by itself mean ibogaine is proven effective for a given condition — see each condition page’s evidence breakdown for what’s actually established.

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All Studies (692)Depression (56)PTSD (24)Alcohol Addiction (20)Heroin Addiction (16)Opioid Addiction (15)Cocaine Addiction (15)Anxiety (13)Methamphetamine Addiction (12)Traumatic Brain Injury (2)

All Studies(692 of 692)

Self-reported experiences and perspectives on using psychedelics to manage opioid use among participants of two Reddit communities.

Krawczyk, Miller, Gu et al.· Addiction· 2025· PMID: 39821493
Preclinical (Lab)

The opioid crisis continues to exert a tremendous toll in North America, with existing interventions often falling short of addressing ongoing needs. Psychedelics are emerging as a possible alternative therapy for mental health and substance use disorders. This study aimed to gat...

Oxidative Rearrangements of the Alkaloid Intermediate Geissoschizine.

Kamileen, Hong, Gase et al.· Angew Chem Int Ed Engl· 2025· PMID: 40202182
Preclinical (Lab)

Plants can generate structural diversity by enzymatic rearrangement of a central intermediate. 19E-geissoschizine is one such chemically versatile intermediate that plays a central role in the biosynthesis of monoterpene indole alkaloids such as strychnine, ibogaine, and vinblast...

Effects of psychedelics on opioid use disorder: a scoping review of preclinical studies.

Pulido-Saavedra, Oliva, Prudente et al.· Cell Mol Life Sci· 2025· PMID: 39833376
Preclinical (Animal)

The current opioid crisis has had an unprecedented public health impact. Approved medications for opioid use disorder (OUD) exist, yet their limitations indicate a need for innovative treatments. Limited preliminary clinical studies suggest specific psychedelics might aid OUD tre...

The contribution of psychotherapy in potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics for treatment of opioid use disorder.

Nia, Farahmand, Griffith et al.· Curr Addict Rep· 2025· PMID: 42368319
Preclinical (Lab)

Despite national efforts to curb the opioid crisis, the clinical and societal challenges continue to grow. FDA-approved medications for opioid use disorder (OUD) are effective but are associated with high rates of treatment discontinuation and relapse. A collection of agents with...

Harnessing Pharmacogenomics in Clinical Research on Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy.

Halman, Conyers, Moore et al.· Clin Pharmacol Ther· 2025· PMID: 39345195
Review

Psychedelics have recently re-emerged as potential treatments for various psychiatric conditions that impose major public health costs and for which current treatment options have limited efficacy. At the same time, personalized medicine is increasingly being implemented in psych...

The therapeutic effects of psychedelics for opioid use disorder: A systematic review of clinical studies.

Weleff, Pulido-Saavedra, Aghaei et al.· Psychiatry Res· 2025· PMID: 40147088
Systematic Review

Opioid-related overdose deaths have reached record high levels, and novel treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD) are needed. The three United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications for OUD function primarily at the mu-opioid receptor. While these remain ...

Psychedelic-induced behavioral and developmental effects on zebrafish: a systematic review.

de Oliveira, de Oliveira, Dos Santos et al.· Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry· 2025· PMID: 41125218
Systematic Review

Psychedelics are mind-altering substances that have shown promising effects in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders owing to their antidepressant, anxiolytic and antiaddictive effects. However, data on their developmental toxicity is scarce, which might hinder its therapeu...

Old Dog, New Tricks: Ibogaine and Its Analogs as Potential Neurotherapeutics.

Ali, Tian, Cunningham et al.· J Med Chem· 2025· PMID: 40994282
Preclinical (Lab)

Electrophysiological Methods to Explore the Function of Monoamine Transporters.

Boytsov, Freissmuth, Sandtner· Adv Neurobiol· 2025· PMID: 41051709
Review

In this chapter we will show how electrophysiological recordings were used to gain insights into the transport kinetics and pharmacology of monoamine transporters (MATs). We will discuss data obtained from whole cell patch clamp recordings that allow for real time monitoring of M...

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Investigating the Efficacy of Various Psychedelic Drugs for the Treatment of Substance Use Disorder.

Keighley, Abo Hamza, Bedewy et al.· Healthcare (Basel)· 2025· PMID: 41228035
Review

Objectives: This study investigates psychedelic drugs to treat substance use disorder (SUD). Researchers have recently begun conducting clinical trials of psychedelic treatment for SUD. The current meta-analysis investigates the extent of efficacy in alleviating SM behaviours (P)...

Ibogaine's potential role in supporting reward system recovery across diagnostic boundaries.

Nicolas· Front Pharmacol· 2025· PMID: 41424776
Preclinical (Lab)

This article proposes that ibogaine's induction of GDNF, modulation of glutamate and dopamine signaling, and reopening of plasticity represent a unified mechanism capable of restoring reward system fidelity across disorders. This includes addiction, obsessive-compulsive disorder ...

Current pharmaceutical biotechnology

Alhawarri, Olimat· Curr Pharm Biotechnol· 2025· PMID: 38561607
Preclinical (Animal)

Silene undulata is historically used for inducing vivid and prophetic lucid dreams, but limited information exists on its phytochemical composition and potential pharmacological properties. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition of S. undulata through LC-MS...

Case report: Significant lesion reduction and neural structural changes following ibogaine treatments for multiple sclerosis.

Chen, Inzunza Domínguez, Valle Uzeta et al.· Front Immunol· 2025· PMID: 39981248
Case Report

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease characterized by demyelination and neuronal loss. Traditional therapies often fail to halt disease progression or reverse neurological deficits. Ibogaine, a psychoactive alkaloid, has been proposed as a potential...

Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and ibogaine elicit membrane effects in HEK cells transiently transfected with the human 5-HT2A receptor.

Eliasen, Kristiansen, Kohlmeier· Brain Res· 2025· PMID: 39732157
Preclinical (Lab)

Psychedelics show promise in treating psychiatric disorders. Therapeutic effects appear to involve activation of the 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor (5-HT2AR), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Several SNPs of the 5-HT2AR naturally occur, which are associated with differences ...

A case series of ibogaine toxicity reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service (NPIS) over a 10-year period.

Edwards, Gray, Elamin et al.· Clin Toxicol (Phila)· 2025· PMID: 39882933
Case Series

Ibogaine is a psychoactive alkaloid derived from the root bark of the West African shrub Tabernanthe iboga. It is not licensed in the United Kingdom but is used by individuals to alleviate drug or alcohol use. A retrospective analysis of telephone enquiries involving ibogaine bet...

Neuroscience

Eliasen, Rezagholizadeh, Jacobsen et al.· Neuroscience· 2025· PMID: 41057132
Preclinical (Animal)

Depression and substance use disorder affect millions world-wide, and risk factors include sex. Conventional pharmacotherapies show at best a 50 % success rate. Psychedelics exhibit both anti-addictive and anti-depressive properties. One of these, ibogaine, a root bark sourced al...

Not Losing Momentum: Cross-Sectional Insights into Ibogaine Clinical Trials.

Swieczkowski, Kwaśny, Sadko et al.· J Psychoactive Drugs· 2025· PMID: 40251723
Preclinical (Lab)

Ibogaine, a non-classical psychedelic, has gained increasing attention as a potential treatment for substance use disorders (SUD); however, a lack of commercial interest and safety-related concerns limit its clinical development. This cross-sectional study investigates the curren...

The Ibogaine Experience Scale (IES): Development and psychometric properties of a multidimensional measure of ibogaine's subjective effects.

González Espejito, Esteban Rodríguez, Pedrero Pérez et al.· PLoS One· 2025· PMID: 41082525
Unclassified

Ibogaine, an indole alkaloid derived from the root bark of Tabernanthe iboga, has long been used in traditional Bwiti healing rituals and shows promise for treating opioid dependence and neurological conditions, but existing psychometric tools fail to capture its distinctive subj...

Comparative Effectiveness of Buprenorphine/Naloxone and Methadone on Methamphetamine/Amphetamine Use Among People with Opioid Use Disorder in Canada.

Langlois, Fairbairn, Jutras-Aswad· Substance use & addiction journal· 2025· PMID: 39614597
Unclassified

It has been suggested that opioid agonist therapy (OAT) may have a secondary benefit of reducing methamphetamine/amphetamine use. However, current evidence is limited and conflicting, and little is known on the impacts of different OATs on methamphetamine/amphetamine use. The aim...

Psychedelic-assisted treatment for substance use disorder: A narrative systematic review.

Piper, Small, Brown· Addiction (Abingdon, England)· 2025· PMID: 39887551
Review

This is the first systematic review of the extant literature on all major psychedelic-assisted treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), tobacco use disorder (TUD) and other substance use disorders (SUD). We aimed to summarise the evidence for efficacy of psychedelic-assisted tre...

Changing your mind: neuroplastic mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of psychedelics in depression, PTSD, and addiction.

Palhas, Corne, Mongeau· Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry· 2025· PMID: 41130352
Review

After years of restrictions due to concerns about their potentially harmful effects, research on psychedelics has entered a new era. Increasing attention has been directed toward their immense therapeutic potential, particularly for psychiatric disorders. Pre-clinical and clinica...

Pharmacological Evaluation of Tropane Analogues at the Serotonin Transporter.

Avanes, Warren, Senthil· ACS chemical neuroscience· 2025· PMID: 40802711
Unclassified

Tropane alkaloids and their derivatives represent a diverse class of small molecules with a broad range of therapeutic applications. Many tropanes regulate synaptic levels of neuromodulators by interacting with monoamine transporters such as dopamine (DAT) and serotonin (SERT) tr...

Efficient and modular synthesis of ibogaine and related alkaloids.

Iyer, Favela, Domokos· Nature chemistry· 2025· PMID: 39915657
Preclinical (Animal)

Anecdotal reports and preliminary clinical trials suggest that the psychoactive alkaloid ibogaine and its active metabolite noribogaine have powerful anti-addictive properties, producing long-lasting therapeutic effects across a range of substance use disorders and co-occurring n...

The effect of craving on retention and treatment switching under buprenorphine-naloxone and methadone models of care for non-heroin opioid use disorder: Exploratory analyses from a pragmatic,

McAnulty, Bastien, Abboud· Journal of substance use and addiction treatment· 2025· PMID: 40571059
Randomized Controlled Trial

Though opioid agonist therapies are the mainstay of treatment for opioid use disorder, treatment retention remains suboptimal. Improved prediction of who will remain in treatment could lead to improved treatment outcomes. Whether craving predicts reduced retention in treatment re...

The decriminalization of illicit drugs in British Columbia: a national evaluation protocol.

Russell, Ali, Imtiaz et al.· BMC Public Health· 2024· PMID: 39425094
Unclassified

On January 31st, 2023, the province of British Columbia (BC), Canada, was granted a federal exemption allowing adults (aged 18 +) to possess up to 2.5 g of select illicit drugs. The exemption will be in place for three years (2023-2026), marking the first formal decriminalization...

Cannabis and Driving in Older Adults.

Di Ciano, Rajji, Hong et al.· JAMA Netw Open· 2024· PMID: 38236599
Unclassified

Epidemiological studies have found that cannabis increases the risk of a motor vehicle collision. Cannabis use is increasing in older adults, but laboratory studies of the association between cannabis and driving in people aged older than 65 years are lacking. To investigate the ...

"Like the Wild West": Health care provider perspectives on impacts of recreational cannabis legalization on patients and providers at a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Ontario, Canada.

Wiese, Watson, Bozinoff et al.· J Subst Use Addict Treat· 2024· PMID: 39153735
Unclassified

Legalization has increased cannabis availability in Canada. Research shows complex relationships between cannabis use and mental health, and a need for health care providers to engage with patients about cannabis use. Providers have noted gaps in knowledge and research on the med...

Neuromodulation for Cannabis Use: A Scoping Review.

Ngoy, Tang, Xiao et al.· Brain Sci· 2024· PMID: 38672008
Preclinical (Lab)

This scoping review explores the use of neuromodulation techniques in individuals with cannabis use. Our goal was to determine whether cannabis use alters cortical excitation and inhibition in the context of neuromodulation and to determine whether neuromodulation affects craving...

The effect of cannabis edibles on driving and blood THC.

Zhao, Brands, Kaduri et al.· J Cannabis Res· 2024· PMID: 38822413
Preclinical (Lab)

Cannabis has been shown to impact driving due to changes produced by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component of cannabis. Current legal thresholds for blood THC while driving are based predominantly on evidence utilizing smoked cannabis. It is known that le...

The acceptability and feasibility of a virtual mantram program for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders: mixed method results.

Ferkul, Agabani, Minami et al.· BMC Complement Med Ther· 2024· PMID: 38166894
Unclassified

There is a need for expanded options for therapeutic interventions for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD). The study aimed to examine evidence for the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of a virtual Mantram Repetition Program f...

[Not Available].

Ibrahim, Tang, Blumberger et al.· CMAJ· 2024· PMID: 38621778
Unclassified

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for smoking cessation.

Ibrahim, Tang, Blumberger et al.· CMAJ· 2024· PMID: 38378215
Unclassified

North America's fentanyl death crisis: Selected lessons for Europe's future?

Fischer, Jutras-Aswad, Le Foll et al.· Nordisk Alkohol Nark· 2024· PMID: 39309204
Preclinical (Lab)

The Global Psychedelic Survey: Consumer characteristics, patterns of use, and access in primarily anglophone regions around the world.

Lake, Lucas· Int J Drug Policy· 2024· PMID: 38936219
Unclassified

Despite advancements in policies governing psychedelic substances globally, our understanding of real-world psychedelic use and its variations across international jurisdictions remains limited. We implemented the Global Psychedelic Survey (GPS) to capture information about psych...

Psychedelics: From Cave Art to 21st-Century Medicine for Addiction.

Vamvakopoulou, Nutt· Eur Addict Res· 2024· PMID: 39321788
Review

Psychedelic substance use in ritualistic and ceremonial settings dates back as early as 8,500 BCE. Only in recent years, from the mid-20th century, we have seen the re-emergence of psychedelics in a therapeutic setting and more specifically for the treatment of addiction. This ar...

Set and setting predict psychopathology, wellbeing and meaningfulness of psychedelic experiences: a correlational study.

Borkel, Rojas-Hernández, Henríquez-Hernández et al.· Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol· 2024· PMID: 38108102
Unclassified

In psychedelic therapy, the importance of set and setting is a fundamental but under-researched assumption. The aim of this study is to correlate variables of set (psychedelic use motivation) and setting (psychedelic use location and type of companion) with psychopathology, wellb...

Psychedelics: A review of their effects on recalled aversive memories and fear/anxiety expression in rodents.

Werle, Bertoglio· Neurosci Biobehav Rev· 2024· PMID: 39305969
Review

Threatening events and stressful experiences can lead to maladaptive memories and related behaviors. Existing treatments often fail to address these issues linked to anxiety/stress-related disorders effectively. This review identifies dose ranges associated with specific actions ...

Commentary: Evidence-Informed Recommendation to Achieve Approximate Parity in the Allowed Number of Doses for Common Psychedelics.

Thomas, Jesse, Mehtani et al.· J Psychoactive Drugs· 2024· PMID: 37061961
Review

In recent years, policymakers have proposed and implemented regulatory changes promoting the deprioritization, decriminalization, or state-level legalization of one or more psychedelic substances, usually referencing data from clinical trials as reasons to support liberalizing dr...

The psychedelic call: analysis of Australian Poisons Information Centre calls associated with classic psychedelics.

Wilkes, Roberts, Liknaitzky et al.· Clin Toxicol (Phila)· 2024· PMID: 38753585
Observational Study

The global use of certain classical psychedelics has increased in recent years, but little is known about their spectrum of toxicity within Australia. We aim to describe calls to New South Wales Poisons Information Centre relating to exposures to classical psychedelics including ...

Therapeutic Potential of Psychedelic Compounds for Substance Use Disorders.

Valdez, Patel, Senesombath· Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)· 2024· PMID: 39598395
Review

Psychedelics have recently (re)emerged as therapeutics of high potential for multiple mental health conditions, including substance use disorders (SUDs). Despite early mid-20th century anecdotal reports and pilot studies demonstrating the possibility of these substances in effica...

Ibogaine therapy in TBI.

Welberg· Nat Neurosci· 2024· PMID: 38326431
Preclinical (Lab)

The Nonclassic Psychedelic Ibogaine Disrupts Cognitive Maps.

Ivan, Tomàs-Cuesta, Esteves et al.· Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci· 2024· PMID: 38298796
Preclinical (Lab)

The ability of psychedelic compounds to profoundly alter mental function has been long known, but the underlying changes in cellular-level information encoding remain poorly understood. We used two-photon microscopy to record from the retrosplenial cortex in head-fixed mice runni...

Ibogaine administration following repeated morphine administration upregulates myelination markers 2', 3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) and myelin basic protein (MBP) mRNA and

Govender, Moloko, Papathanasopoulos et al.· Front Neurosci· 2024· PMID: 39114487
Preclinical (Lab)

Ibogaine is a psychedelic alkaloid being investigated as a possible treatment for opioid use disorder. Ibogaine has a multi-receptor profile with affinities for mu and kappa opioid as well as NMDA receptors amongst others. Due to the sparsity of research into ibogaine's effects o...

Catharanthine Modulates Mesolimbic Dopamine Transmission and Nicotine Psychomotor Effects via Inhibition of α6-Nicotinic Receptors and Dopamine Transporters.

Williams, Steed, Woolley et al.· ACS Chem Neurosci· 2024· PMID: 38613458
Preclinical (Animal)

Iboga alkaloids, also known as coronaridine congeners, have shown promise in the treatment of alcohol and opioid use disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of catharanthine and 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC) on dopamine (DA) transmission and cholinergi...

Prospective associations of psychedelic treatment for co-occurring alcohol misuse and posttraumatic stress symptoms among United States Special Operations Forces Veterans.

Armstrong, Xin, Sepeda et al.· Mil Psychol· 2024· PMID: 38377244
Unclassified

This study evaluated prospective associations of ibogaine and 5-MeO-DMT treatment for risky alcohol use and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among United States (US) Special Operations Forces Veterans (SOFV). Data were collected during standard clinical operations a...

European journal of pharmacology

Arias, Kazmierska-Grebowska, Kowalczyk et al.· Eur J Pharmacol· 2024· PMID: 39179091
Preclinical (Animal)

The coronaridine congeners catharanthine and 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC) display sedative, anxiolytic, and antidepressant properties by acting on mechanisms involving GABAergic and/or monoaminergic transmissions. Here, we expanded their pharmacological properties by studying t...

International journal of molecular sciences

Villalba, González, Junge et al.· Int J Mol Sci· 2024· PMID: 38255760
Preclinical (Animal)

Noribogaine (noribo) is the primary metabolite from ibogaine, an atypical psychedelic alkaloid isolated from the root bark of the African shrub Tabernanthe iboga. The main objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that molecular, electrophysiological, and behavioral resp...

Noribogaine acute administration in rats promotes wakefulness and suppresses REM sleep.

Castro-Nin, Serantes, Rodriguez et al.· Psychopharmacology (Berl)· 2024· PMID: 38467891
Preclinical (Animal)

Ibogaine is a potent atypical psychedelic that has gained considerable attention due to its antiaddictive and antidepressant properties in preclinical and clinical studies. Previous research from our group showed that ibogaine suppresses sleep and produces an altered wakefulness ...

Multiple Episodes of Cardiac Arrest Induced by Treatment With Ibogaine: A Case Report.

Mestre, Paula, Gil et al.· Cureus· 2024· PMID: 39081435
Case Report

Opioid dependence is a common problem, and therapeutic alternatives are scarce and ineffective. Ibogaine, illegal in several countries, has been reported as a possible therapy in alternative clinics and it is also used as a recreational drug, despite its cardiotoxic potential, in...

Three Decades of Research on the Development of Ibogaine Treatment of Substance Use Disorders: A Scientometric Analysis.

Fernandes-Nascimento, Negrão, Viana-Ferreira et al.· J Psychoactive Drugs· 2024· PMID: 37927218
Unclassified

Ibogaine is a natural psychoactive drug that has been investigated for its potential role in the treatment of substance use disorders since the mid-1960s. To evaluate the interest in ibogaine's use as a therapeutic agent, we performed a scientometric analysis covering the last th...

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